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Nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory.

J K Freericks1, V M Turkowski, V Zlatić

  • 1Department of Physics, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Dynamical mean-field theory now handles nonequilibrium problems, revealing how electron interactions quench Bloch oscillations and alter Mott insulator behavior under electric fields.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) is a powerful method for studying strongly correlated electron systems.
  • Extending DMFT to nonequilibrium situations is crucial for understanding real-time dynamics.
  • Previous formalisms were limited in their ability to capture complex nonequilibrium phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the many-body formalism of dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) to address nonequilibrium problems.
  • To investigate the transient behavior of electrical currents in response to external electric fields.
  • To analyze the impact of electron-electron interactions on fundamental electronic properties like Bloch oscillations.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an extended many-body formalism for nonequilibrium DMFT.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Numerical simulation of a system driven by a strong, time-dependent electric field (t=0).
  • Analysis of the time evolution of the oscillating current and its decay characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • The extended DMFT formalism successfully captures nonequilibrium dynamics.
    • Electron-electron interactions were shown to quench the observed Bloch oscillations.
    • The nature of these oscillations undergoes a dramatic transformation in Mott insulators.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed formalism provides a new tool for studying nonequilibrium phenomena in correlated electron systems.
    • Electron correlations play a critical role in suppressing and modifying coherent electronic motion.
    • The findings offer insights into the behavior of materials like Mott insulators under external driving fields.