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Effect of rosiglitazone on factors related to endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Jean-Paul Albertini1, Stephen O McMorn, Hongzi Chen

  • 1Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital Avicenne AP-HP, Bobigny, France. jean-paul.albertini@avc.aphp.fr

Atherosclerosis
|February 7, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Rosiglitazone significantly improved endothelial dysfunction markers in type 2 diabetes patients. This insulin sensitizer reduced key inflammatory markers and free fatty acids, suggesting therapeutic benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Endothelial dysfunction is a critical complication in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Identifying therapeutic agents that mitigate endothelial dysfunction is crucial for T2DM management.
  • Rosiglitazone (RSG), an insulin sensitizer, has potential benefits beyond glycemic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone (RSG) on biological markers of endothelial dysfunction in T2DM patients.
  • To assess RSG's impact on inflammatory markers, coagulation factors, glycemic control, and free fatty acids.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-week, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
  • 136 T2DM patients (aged 40-70) were randomized to RSG 8 mg/day or placebo.
  • Measurements included soluble E-selectin, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tissue plasminogen activator antigen, fasting plasma glucose, fasting fructosamine, and post-prandial free fatty acids.

Main Results:

  • RSG significantly reduced soluble E-selectin (-10.9%, P=0.004) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (-36.9%, P<0.001) compared to placebo.
  • RSG also significantly decreased tissue plasminogen activator antigen (-22.7%, P<0.001), fasting plasma glucose (-2.8 mmol/l), and fasting fructosamine (-42.0 mg/dl).
  • Post-prandial free fatty acids were reduced, and this reduction correlated with improvements in soluble E-selectin.

Conclusions:

  • Rosiglitazone demonstrates beneficial effects on biological markers of endothelial dysfunction in T2DM patients.
  • Improvements in insulin sensitivity and reductions in free fatty acids likely contribute to these vascular benefits.
  • RSG may offer a therapeutic advantage in managing endothelial dysfunction associated with T2DM.

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