An analysis of the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy in allergic children
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Published on: March 3, 2023
Marek Modrzynski1, Edward Zawisza
1The Regional Allergology Outpatient Euromedica, 86-300 Grudziadz, Legionow 71, Poland. mmodrzynski@interia.pl
Insights
Allergic rhinitis significantly increases the risk of adenoid hypertrophy in children. This allergy risk factor was not observed in children with asthma or atopic dermatitis, highlighting specific links between allergic rhinitis and adenoid enlargement.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Allergology and Immunology
Background:
- Adenoid hypertrophy is a common condition in children, often necessitating adenoidectomy.
- The precise causes of adenoid hypertrophy remain unclear, though allergies are suspected risk factors in some cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between adenoid hypertrophy and various allergic diseases in children.
- To analyze the influence of allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and atopic dermatitis on adenoid hypertrophy incidence.
Main Methods:
- A study group of 436 children (4-9 years) with diagnosed allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis) and house dust mite hypersensitivity was compared to 229 non-atopic controls.
- Data collected included interviews, skin-prick tests, and assessment of adenoid hypertrophy, considering age, sex, infections, and allergen sensitization.
Main Results:
- Adenoid hypertrophy was significantly more probable in children with allergic rhinitis compared to controls.
- No significant differences in adenoid hypertrophy incidence were found between children with asthma or atopic dermatitis and the control group.
- Children with adenoid hypertrophy and allergic rhinitis showed higher hypersensitivity to pollen and mold allergens.
Conclusions:
- Allergic rhinitis is a key risk factor for adenoid hypertrophy in children sensitized to house dust mites.
- The link between adenoid hypertrophy and allergies appears specific to allergic rhinitis, not other common allergic conditions.
Introduction:
The adenoidectomy is the most often made operation in small children but the reasons of adenoid hypertrophy are not completely explained. Some researches show that in part of children, allergy can be a risk factor for adenoid hypertrophy. The main aim of this study was the analysis of adenoid hypertrophy in children with different allergic diseases.
Material And Methods:
Two separate groups of children were examined. The study group consisted of 436 children between 4 and 9 years old with allergic rhinitis and/or bronchial asthma and/or atopic dermatitis hypersensitive to house dust mites (interview, positive skin-prick test results). The control group consisted of 229 non-atopic children (negative interview and skin-prick tests) in the similar age. In the both groups we examined the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy and its dependence of the kind of allergic disease, age, sex, infections, results of skin-prick test and other sensitization.
Results:
The probability of adenoid hypertrophy was statistically more significant (logistic regression analysis) only in children from the study group with allergic rhinitis. There were no differences in adenoid hypertrophy incidence between children with other allergic diseases and the control group. The children from the study group with adenoid hypertrophy were more often hypersensitive to pollen and moulds allergens than the children without adenoid hypertrophy (chi square test). But there were no differences in the incidence of infection, age, sex and results of skin-prick tests.
Conclusion:
The result of our study suggests that the chance of adenoid hypertrophy in allergic children hypersensitive to dust mites is greater only in them with allergic rhinitis.
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