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Related Concept Videos

Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.
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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

Multiple gene order alignment.

Siamak Rezaei1, Joanne Bai

  • 1Computer Science, UNBC, Canada. siamak@unbc.ca.

Conference Proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel graph-based algorithm for aligning gene order sequences, simplifying the process of finding ancestral gene orders. This method enhances computational efficiency through parallel implementation.

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Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Previous genomic sequence alignment focused on individual genes.
  • Gene order analysis traditionally relied on breakpoint analysis and rearrangements.
  • Recent advances explored pairwise and multiple alignment of gene order sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a new algorithm for multiple alignment of gene order sequences.
  • To enable the reconstruction of ancestral gene order sequences.
  • To offer a simpler, graph-based approach to gene order alignment.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a graph-based consensus method for sequence alignment.
  • Algorithm designed for aligning two or more gene order sequences.
  • Incorporated a notion of precedence for alignment simplification.
  • Algorithm designed for parallel implementation to enhance speed.

Main Results:

  • Successfully aligned multiple gene order sequences.
  • Enabled the determination of ancestral gene order.
  • Demonstrated a potentially simpler approach compared to previous methods.
  • Algorithm's parallelizability offers increased computational speed.

Conclusions:

  • The novel graph-based algorithm provides an effective method for multiple gene order alignment.
  • The approach simplifies the reconstruction of ancestral gene orders.
  • Parallel implementation significantly boosts the algorithm's efficiency for large-scale genomic studies.