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Related Experiment Videos

A programmable discharge circuitry with current limiting capability for a retinal prosthesis.

Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam1, Wentai Liu, Guoxing Wang

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.

Conference Proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
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This study introduces a novel discharge circuit for retinal prostheses that safely manages electrical charge buildup. The circuit prevents harmful currents, ensuring tissue safety during functional electrical stimulation (FES).

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroprosthetics
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Biphasic stimulation is standard in Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES), requiring charge-balanced waveforms to prevent tissue damage.
  • Retinal prostheses use charge cancellation circuitry to discharge stimulation sites, but high voltage discharge can cause unintended retinal stimulation.
  • Existing methods for discharging accumulated charge in retinal prostheses pose risks of inducing large currents and unintended stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel discharge circuitry for retinal prostheses designed to ensure tissue safety during electrical stimulation.
  • To develop a circuit that mitigates risks associated with discharging high voltages by limiting current.
  • To propose a method for characterizing inter-pixel leakage in retinal prostheses using the developed discharge circuit.

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Main Methods:

  • A new discharge circuitry was designed to function as a resistive discharge path for low voltages and a current limiter for high voltages.
  • The circuit was implemented to handle dual voltage schemes (positive and negative polarities), limiting current in both.
  • The discharge profile was made digitally programmable for flexible control.
  • A method for characterizing inter-pixel leakage in retinal prostheses was proposed utilizing this circuit.

Main Results:

  • The proposed discharge circuitry effectively limits current during high voltage discharge, preventing unintended stimulation.
  • The circuit provides a safe resistive discharge path for smaller voltages.
  • Current limiting is achieved for both positive and negative voltage polarities in dual voltage stimulation schemes.
  • The discharge profile is digitally programmable, offering adaptable functionality.

Conclusions:

  • The novel discharge circuitry enhances safety in retinal prostheses by managing charge accumulation and preventing harmful current surges.
  • The circuit's ability to act as both a resistive path and a current limiter, with programmable discharge, offers significant advantages.
  • The proposed method provides a valuable tool for characterizing inter-pixel leakage, crucial for optimizing retinal prosthesis performance and safety.