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Identical genotype B3 sequences from measles patients in 4 countries, 2005
Jennifer Rota1, Luis Lowe, Paul Rota
1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. jrota@cdc.gov
Emerging Infectious Diseases
|February 8, 2007
Summary
Measles virus surveillance identified a link between a Kenyan refugee and a Dutch tourist. Genotype B3 sequences suggest Kenya was the common source for outbreaks in North America in late 2005.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Measles virus (MeV) poses a significant global health threat.
- International travel facilitates the rapid spread of infectious diseases.
- Genotyping is crucial for tracing the origin and spread of measles outbreaks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiologic link of a measles case in New Jersey.
- To determine the origin of the measles virus genotype B3 responsible for outbreaks in North America.
- To identify the common source of infection for contemporaneous cases in late 2005.
Main Methods:
- Viral sequence analysis and genotyping.
- Epidemiologic investigation of patient contacts and travel history.
- Surveillance data analysis of measles cases in the USA, Canada, and Mexico.
Main Results:
- An epidemiologic link was established between a refugee from Kenya and a Dutch tourist in New Jersey.
- Identical measles virus genotype B3 sequences were found in patients across the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
- The cases occurred contemporaneously in November and December 2005.
Conclusions:
- Kenya is identified as the likely common source of the measles virus genotype B3.
- International travel played a key role in the dissemination of the measles virus.
- Genomic surveillance is vital for understanding and controlling infectious disease transmission.
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