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A Model for Experimental Exposure of Humans to Larval Ixodes scapularis Ticks
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[Infections dues to Bartonella spp.].

M Maurin1, D Raoult

  • 1Unité des rickettsies, CNRS EP J0054, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin - F-13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France.

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The genus Bartonella includes four human-infecting species: B. bacilliformis, B. quintana, B. henselae, and B. elizabethae. Advances in molecular techniques have expanded our understanding of Bartonella-related diseases, though epidemiology and treatment require further study.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • The genus Bartonella encompasses four species known to infect humans: Bartonella bacilliformis, Bartonella quintana, Bartonella henselae, and Bartonella elizabethae.
  • Bartonella bacilliformis causes Carrion's disease.
  • Recent taxonomic changes include Rochalimaea species within the genus Bartonella.

Purpose:

  • To review the human-pathogenic Bartonella species and their associated diseases.
  • To highlight the expanding spectrum of Bartonella-related clinical manifestations.
  • To identify areas of Bartonella research that remain unresolved.

Summary:

  • Bartonella quintana is linked to trench fever, septicemia, endocarditis, and bacillary angiomatosis.
  • Bartonella henselae causes cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis, septicemia, and endocarditis.
  • Bartonella elizabethae is associated with endocarditis, with only one isolate documented.

Impact:

  • Molecular techniques have broadened the understanding of Bartonella infections since 1990.
  • Key aspects of Bartonella diseases, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, and optimal treatment, require further investigation.
  • This review underscores the evolving landscape of Bartonella as human pathogens.