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Related Concept Videos

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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
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Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

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Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
07:22

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

Published on: March 7, 2025

Almonds and postprandial glycemia--a dose-response study.

Andrea R Josse1, Cyril W C Kendall, Livia S A Augustin

  • 1Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5C 2T2.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
|February 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Almonds significantly reduce the glycemic impact of carbohydrate meals. Adding almonds to bread progressively lowered blood glucose response in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a reduced glycemic index.

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
07:22

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Published on: March 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Metabolic Health
  • Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Background:

  • Nuts, including almonds, are known to reduce serum cholesterol and potentially lower coronary heart disease risk.
  • Postprandial events are of increasing interest in relation to coronary heart disease.
  • The effect of almonds on postprandial glycemic response to carbohydrate meals requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of varying almond quantities on the postprandial blood glucose response to a standard carbohydrate meal.
  • To determine if adding almonds to a white bread meal alters its glycemic impact.
  • To evaluate the dose-dependent effect of almonds on glycemic response.

Main Methods:

  • Nine healthy volunteers consumed 50g of available carbohydrate from white bread, alone or with 30g, 60g, or 90g of almonds.
  • Blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post-meal.
  • Glycemic response was quantified using the incremental area under the 2-hour blood glucose curve (IAUC).

Main Results:

  • Almonds demonstrated a progressive reduction in the glycemic index of the composite meal.
  • This reduction was dose-dependent, with higher almond quantities yielding lower glycemic responses.
  • Specifically, 30g, 60g, and 90g of almonds resulted in significant reductions in glycemic response (P = .001).

Conclusions:

  • Almonds can significantly reduce the glycemic impact of carbohydrate-containing foods.
  • The addition of almonds to meals may be a beneficial strategy for managing postprandial glucose levels.
  • Beyond cholesterol-lowering effects, almonds may contribute to reduced glycemic impact, potentially aiding in cardiovascular health.