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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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Published on: March 1, 2015

Spontaneous smile and spontaneous laugh: an intensive longitudinal case study

Kiyobumi Kawakami1, Kiyoko Takai-Kawakami, Masaki Tomonaga

  • 1University of the Sacred Heart, 4-3-1, Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8938, Japan. kawakami@u-sacred-heart.ac.jp

Infant Behavior & Development
|February 13, 2007
PubMed

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