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Related Concept Videos

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods01:19

Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods

A medication’s effectiveness largely depends on its appropriate dosage and the route of administration. Dosage ensures that a sufficient drug concentration is maintained in the bloodstream to elicit the desired therapeutic effect without causing toxicity. The route of administration affects the drug's bioavailability, rate of absorption, and onset of action, which are crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug dosage calculations are critical to tailoring therapy to individual...
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...
Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview01:15

Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview

A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
Typically, the starting dose and dosing interval are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations based on clinical trials conducted during and after drug...

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Related Experiment Videos

Vancomycin administration: the impact of multidisciplinary interventions.

R K Crowley1, F Fitzpatrick, D Solanki

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. rachelcrowley@beaumont.ie

Journal of Clinical Pathology
|February 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Interventions significantly reduced vancomycin dose omissions by 37.5% over one year. However, 10% of vancomycin doses were still inappropriately held, highlighting challenges in healthcare behavior change.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement

Background:

  • Patients frequently missed prescribed vancomycin doses.
  • Ward staff struggled with ordering and interpreting vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Audit vancomycin dose omission incidence.
  • Implement interventions to improve vancomycin administration.
  • Re-audit to assess intervention effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted three prospective audits on vancomycin TDM impact.
  • Implemented process changes and interpretative charts.
  • Provided feedback and planned ongoing education.

Main Results:

  • Inappropriately held vancomycin doses reduced from 16% to 10%.
  • Doses held for no apparent reason decreased significantly.
  • A 37.5% reduction in inappropriately held doses was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Interventions led to a substantial decrease in missed vancomycin doses.
  • Persistent challenges remain in modifying healthcare worker behavior.
  • Ongoing education and process refinement are crucial for sustained improvement.