[Legg-Calve-Perthes disease--literature review and updates]

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a condition affecting the immature capital femoral epiphysis during childhood. The affected femoral head undergoes varying degrees of avascular necrosis for unknown reasons. The process is self limited, renders the femoral head and hip joint deformed with a limited range of motion and future risk for secondary arthritic changes. The child's age and extent of head involvement affect the disease prognosis. Late onset of disease is rare and carries worse prognosis probably due to the short time left for femoral head remodeling. Surgical intervention is indicated when conservative treatment fails. This literature review presents updated knowledge on the disease concentrating on the late onset of the disease.