Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
09:01

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

The first metatarsophalangeal arc circumference: correlation with angular measurements

Carlos Piqué-Vidal1

  • 1Orthopaedics and Trauma Department, Centro Médico Teknon, Balmes 205, 08006 Barcelona, Spain. 6652cpv@comb.es

Foot & Ankle International
|February 14, 2007
PubMed

Insights

This study introduces a novel method to analyze hallux valgus (HV) by locating the center of the first metatarsophalangeal arc. The findings correlate this center

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanical analysis
  • Radiographic imaging

Background:

  • The interrelationship between various angular measurements in hallux valgus (HV) deformity remains underexplored.
  • Previous studies have not examined the contribution of individual anatomical aspects to overall HV deformity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the center of the circle formed by the first metatarsophalangeal arc circumference.
  • To correlate the calculated center's location with key angular measurements: hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), and proximal phalangeal articular angle (PPAA).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1933 dorsoplantar weightbearing foot radiographs from 1182 patients.
  • Utilized a computer program to measure HVA, IMA, DMAA, and PPAA.
  • Defined the arc using specific anatomical landmarks and calculated the circle's center location relative to the foot.

Main Results:

  • A smaller hallux valgus angle (HVA) correlated with a larger circle and greater distance from the foot.
  • Similar correlations were observed between the circle's center and DMAA/IMA.
  • Severe HV deformities (HVA > 40 degrees) were associated with the circle's center located inside the foot.
  • The circle's radius showed a significant correlation with HVA values (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • A novel approach to analyzing hallux valgus deformity by determining the first metatarsophalangeal arc's center.
  • This method provides a single point to summarize the correlation of different angular measurements in HV.
  • Offers potential for a more comprehensive understanding of HV biomechanics.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - I01:09

Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - I

If the rotational definitions are compared with the definitions of linear kinematic variables from motion along a straight line and motion in two and three dimensions, we can observe a mapping of the linear variables to the rotational ones.
When comparing the linear and rotational variables individually, the linear variable of position has physical units of meters, whereas the angular position variable has dimensionless units of radians, as it is the ratio of two lengths. The linear velocity...
Centroid of a Body: Problem Solving01:03

Centroid of a Body: Problem Solving

The centroid of a body is a crucial concept in engineering and physics. Finding the centroid of a body can help determine its stability, its balance point, and even its design. In this context, consider a thin wire bent in the form of a quarter circular arc. Polar coordinates are used to calculate the centroid. The wire is first divided into small differential elements of a length equal to the radius multiplied by the differential angle.
The x-coordinates and y-coordinates of each element's...
Adjusting a Traverse01:12

Adjusting a Traverse

In the site survey of a four-sided traverse, internal angles are essential to ensure geometric accuracy. The survey revealed that the sum of the measured internal angles was 359 degrees and 48 minutes, which is 12 minutes less than the expected 360 degrees. This discrepancy signals an error likely arising from measurement inaccuracies during the fieldwork.To rectify this error, the adjustment process involved distributing the 12-minute shortfall equally across the four internal angles. By...
Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - II01:05

Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - II

In the case of circular motion, the linear tangential speed of a particle at a radius from the axis of rotation is related to the angular velocity by the relation:
Angular Velocity and Displacement01:08

Angular Velocity and Displacement

Uniform circular motion is motion in a circle at a constant speed. Although this is the simplest case of rotational motion, it is very useful for many situations and is used to introduce rotational variables. When a particle is moving in a circle, the coordinate system is fixed and serves as a frame of reference to define the particle’s position. Its position vector from the origin of the circle to the particle sweeps out the angle θ, which increases in the counterclockwise direction as the...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...