Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phenotypic Profiling of Human Stem Cell-Derived Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons09:21

Phenotypic Profiling of Human Stem Cell-Derived Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons

2.0K
This protocol describes the cell culturing of human midbrain dopaminergic neurons, followed by immunological staining and the generation of neuronal phenotypic profiles from acquired microscopic high-content images allowing the identification of phenotypic variations due to genetic or chemical...
2.0K
Reliable Identification of Living Dopaminergic Neurons in Midbrain Cultures Using RNA Sequencing and TH-promoter-driven eGFP Expression10:54

Reliable Identification of Living Dopaminergic Neurons in Midbrain Cultures Using RNA Sequencing and TH-promoter-driven eGFP Expression

10.0K
In Parkinson's Disease (PD), Substantia Nigra (SNc) dopaminergic neurons degenerate, leading to motor dysfunction. Here we report a protocol for culturing ventral midbrain neurons from a mouse expressing eGFP driven by a Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) promoter sequence, harvesting individual fluorescent neurons from the cultures, and measuring their transcriptome using...
10.0K
Isolation, Culture and Long-Term Maintenance of Primary Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons From Embryonic Rodent Brains08:45

Isolation, Culture and Long-Term Maintenance of Primary Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons From Embryonic Rodent Brains

14.5K
The causes of degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons during Parkinson’s disease are not fully understood. Cellular culture systems provide an essential tool for study of the neurophysiological properties of these neurons. Here we present an optimized protocol, which can be utilized for in vitro modeling of...
14.5K
Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice09:35

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

9.2K
This protocol describes two different environmental manipulations and a concurrent brain infusion protocol to study environmentally-induced brain changes underlying adaptive behavior and brain repair in adult...
9.2K
Primary Culture of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons11:58

Primary Culture of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons

39.1K
Dopaminergic neurons play a vital regulatory role in the brain. Their loss is associated with Parkinson's disease. In this video, we show how to generate primary cultures of central dopaminergic neurons from embryonic mouse mesencephalon. Such cultures are useful to study the extreme vulnerability of these neurons to various...
39.1K
Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area09:54

Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area

26.4K
Dopamine is distinctly regulated in the midbrain nuclei, which contain the cell bodies and dendrites of the dopamine neurons. Here we describe a dissection and sample-handling approach to maximize results, and thus conclusions and insights, on dopamine regulation in the midbrain nuclei of the substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in...
26.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spatially resolved profiling of steroid nuclear receptors reveals a role for the disordered N-terminal domains in genome targeting and AP-1 interaction.

Genome research·2026
Same author

Innovation in animal health under Regulation (EU) 2019/6: Review and recommendations.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2026
Same author

Discovery of gene-alcohol interaction loci influencing blood pressure in 1.1 million individuals from multiple populations.

Research square·2026
Same author

Engineering intrinsically disordered regions for guiding genome navigation.

Molecular cell·2026
Same author

Cross-organ analysis reveals associations between vascular properties of the retina, the carotid and aortic arteries, and the brain.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

Bidirectional genetic and phenotypic links between smoking and striatal iron content involving dopaminergic and inflammatory pathways.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice
09:35

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

9.2K

Pre-steady-state decoding of the Bicoid morphogen gradient.

Sven Bergmann1, Oded Sandler, Hila Sberro

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Plos Biology
|February 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early fruit fly development uses a rapid, transient Bicoid (bcd) gradient decoding mechanism. This pre-steady-state approach minimizes developmental errors from fluctuating Bicoid levels, ensuring accurate anterior-posterior axis patterning.

More Related Videos

Primary Culture of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons
11:58

Primary Culture of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons

Published on: September 8, 2014

39.1K
Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area
09:54

Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area

Published on: August 10, 2012

26.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice
09:35

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

9.2K
Primary Culture of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons
11:58

Primary Culture of Mouse Dopaminergic Neurons

Published on: September 8, 2014

39.1K
Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area
09:54

Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area

Published on: August 10, 2012

26.4K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Morphogen gradients, like Bicoid (bcd), are crucial for embryonic patterning.
  • Patterning typically assumes steady-state morphogen profiles for cell fate induction.
  • Rapid developmental processes may precede steady-state gradient formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the implications of pre-steady-state Bicoid gradient decoding in Drosophila embryogenesis.
  • To understand how transient morphogen profiles influence anterior-posterior axis patterning.
  • To explore the role of rapid decoding in robustness against production fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative analysis of Bicoid target gene (gap genes) expression domain shifts with altered bcd dosage.
  • Temporal analysis using a reporter for Bicoid activity.
  • Modeling of pre-steady-state gradient decoding mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a transient decoding mechanism for the Bicoid gradient.
  • Decoding the pre-steady-state profile reduces patterning errors from production rate fluctuations.
  • Observed small shifts in gap and pair-rule gene expression align with transient decoding.

Conclusions:

  • Drosophila embryos utilize pre-steady-state Bicoid gradient decoding for robust anterior-posterior patterning.
  • Transient decoding provides a mechanism to buffer against noise in morphogen production.
  • This strategy enhances developmental accuracy during rapid early patterning phases.