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Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

Published on: August 20, 2007

Cell therapy for diabetes mellitus.

Naoya Kobayashi¹

¹Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. immortal@md.okayama-u.ac.jp

Cell Transplantation

|February 16, 2007

Summary

Type 1 diabetes treatment faces challenges with insulin therapy and limited cell sources. Researchers developed a novel immortalized human beta cell line (NAKT-15) for potential diabetes transplantation therapy.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology and Diabetes Research
Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
Bioengineering for Therapeutics

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health concern, with current treatments like exogenous insulin therapy posing risks of hypoglycemia.
Islet transplantation offers a promising approach for type 1 diabetes but is limited by donor organ scarcity and challenges in beta cell expansion.
Existing methods for generating alternative beta cell sources, such as stem cells and porcine islets, face limitations in differentiation, expansion, and cellular senescence.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a human pancreatic beta cell line that is functionally equivalent to primary beta cells.
To overcome the limitations of primary beta cells for large-scale production required for transplantation.
To explore innovative strategies for diabetes treatment, including a bioartificial pancreas to avoid immunosuppression.

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Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

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Published on: August 20, 2007

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

Published on: November 18, 2022

Main Methods:

Utilized Cre/loxP-based reversible immortalization technology.
Constructed a specific reversibly immortalized human pancreatic beta cell clone, designated NAKT-15.
Investigated the potential of this cell line for transplantation in controlling type 1 diabetes.

Main Results:

Successfully established the NAKT-15 cell line, a functionally equivalent human pancreatic beta cell clone.
The NAKT-15 cell line offers a potential solution to the limited supply of primary beta cells for transplantation.
Development of an implantable bag-type bioartificial pancreas is underway to eliminate the need for immunosuppressive agents.

Conclusions:

The NAKT-15 cell line represents a significant advancement in generating a sustainable source of beta cells for type 1 diabetes therapy.
This novel cell line has the potential to overcome critical limitations associated with current diabetes treatment strategies.
Future directions include the application of NAKT-15 cells in transplantation and the advancement of bioartificial pancreas technology for improved diabetes management.