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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
Published on: November 19, 2019
Toll-like receptor 4 genetic variation and advanced prostate cancer risk
Iona Cheng1, Sarah J Plummer, Graham Casey
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Center of Human Genetics, University of California at San Francisco, 94143-0794, USA.
Abstract:
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a key innate immunity receptor that initiates an inflammatory response primarily against Gram-negative bacteria. Two recent publications reported that variants in TLR4 were associated with risk of prostate cancer. To further investigate the role of TLR4 in prostate cancer susceptibility, we identified six tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms that comprehensively captured the common genetic variation of the locus and tested these polymorphisms in our case-control study of 1,012 men. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed nominally statistically significant associations with prostate cancer risk, with the strongest (rs10759932) associated with a 4-fold increased risk of disease (P = 0.006). We estimated through permutation analysis that a similarly strong result would occur by chance 2.5% of the time. Our findings support previous studies and suggest that inherited differences in TLR4 influence prostate cancer risk.
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