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Stroke in an infant; its association with antiphospholipid antibody and acquired protein C and s deficiencies

Soroor Inaloo1, Mohammad Ghofrani

  • 1Department of Pediatric, Namazi Hospital, Namazi Square, Shiraz, Iran. sinaloo@sums.ac.ir.

Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
|February 16, 2007
PubMed

Insights

This study reports the first case of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) causing stroke in an infant. Early detection of antiphospholipid antibodies is crucial for diagnosing pediatric stroke.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by blood clots.
  • Ischemic strokes in infants are uncommon and often have unclear causes.
  • Identifying underlying conditions like APS is vital for appropriate management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first case of APS presenting with ischemic stroke in an Iranian infant.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and importance of antiphospholipid antibody testing in pediatric stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 7-month-old boy with recurrent ischemic strokes.
  • Laboratory investigations included anticardiolipin antibody testing and assessment of protein S and C levels.

Main Results:

  • The patient experienced two ischemic strokes within two months.
  • Positive anticardiolipin antibody and low protein S and C levels confirmed APS.
  • This diagnosis explained the recurrent ischemic events.

Conclusions:

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained ischemic stroke in children.
  • Early identification and management of APS can prevent further thrombotic events in pediatric patients.
  • This case underscores the need for comprehensive etiological investigation in pediatric stroke.

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