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Evaluation of asthmatic patients referred to jahrom hospital and clinic
Soheila Alyasin1, Reza Amin, Shiva Neamati
1Department of Immunology and Allergy, Research Laboratory, Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. alyasins@sums.ac.ir.
Insights
Pediatric asthma, a common respiratory illness, is prevalent in children under 4. Key risk factors include passive smoking, pets, and home dampness, necessitating environmental improvements for affected children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Epidemiology of Childhood Asthma
Background:
- Asthma is the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease globally in children.
- Studies indicate a rising prevalence of bronchial asthma worldwide.
- Childhood asthma significantly impacts public health, necessitating research into its prevalence and risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in children under 12 years old in Jahrom.
- To identify specific environmental and familial factors contributing to childhood asthma in the region.
- To provide data for targeted public health interventions in Jahrom.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 100 children under 12 diagnosed with asthma at Jahrom hospital and clinic.
- Utilized questionnaires based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) criteria, completed by physicians.
- Data collected on demographics, environmental exposures, family history, and asthma symptoms.
Main Results:
- The male to female ratio was 1:9. Children under 4 years constituted 82% of the study population.
- Significant risk factors identified include passive smoking (56%), presence of pets (22%), and home dampness (33%).
- Family history of asthma was reported in 70% of patients, and 15% had food allergies triggering asthma symptoms. Wheezing affected 10% in the past year, with varying attack frequencies.
Conclusions:
- Asthma is highly prevalent in young children (under 4) in Jahrom, a warm and dry climate region.
- Environmental factors such as passive smoking, pets, and home dampness are significant contributors.
- Recommendations include eliminating these risk factors from children's environments to mitigate asthma prevalence.
Abstract:
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease of children in the world. Serial studies in the world have showed an increased prevalence of bronchial asthma. In this study, the children younger than 12 years old referred to Jahrom hospital and clinic due to asthma were selected. We issued 100 questionnaires, according to International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) criteria and were completed by the physicians. The ratio of male to female was 1 to 9. The patients who were under the age of 4, 3 and 1 year were 82%, 60% and 15% respectively. Passive smoking was present in 56% of the patients, and 22% had pets at home like cat, dog or bird. Home dampness was present in 33%. Ninety percent of patients had used breast feeding during the first year of life. Seventy percent of patients had family history of asthma. Food allergy was present and could trigger asthma in 15%. The result of ISSAC questionnaire showed that during the last year wheezing was present in 10%, 6% had 1-3 attacks and 4% had 4-12 attacks. Sleep disturbance by wheezing had occurred in 5% but cough in 16%. Thirteen percent of patients had wheezing after exercise. In Jahrom town the climate is warm and dry. In this town asthma in children is more common among the children who are younger than 4 years old. The risk factor like smoking at home, pets and home dampness should be eliminated from their environment.
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