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Cortical activation during finger tapping in thyroid dysfunction: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

S Khushu1, S Senthil Kumaran, T Sekhri

  • 1NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig.S K Majumdar Road, Delhi 110 054, India. skhushu@yahoo.com

Journal of Biosciences
|February 16, 2007
PubMed
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Thyroid dysfunction alters brain activity during motor tasks. Patients showed increased activation in motor areas, suggesting greater effort is needed to perform simple movements.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is linked to cognitive and motor deficits, including fatigue and muscle weakness.
  • Understanding the neural underpinnings of motor impairments in thyroid disease is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate motor function deficits in patients with thyroid dysfunction compared to healthy controls.
  • To explore differences in brain activation patterns during a motor task using functional MRI.

Main Methods:

  • Functional MRI (fMRI) was employed in five hypothyroid patients, five hyperthyroid patients, and six healthy volunteers.
  • A right index finger tapping task was performed, with data acquired using echo planar imaging (EPI) on a 1.5T MRI system.
  • Statistical parametric mapping (SPM99) was used for voxel-by-voxel analysis of brain activation.

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Main Results:

  • Activation clusters were observed in motor, somatosensory, auditory, and cerebellar areas in all participants.
  • Thyroid patients exhibited increased activation clusters in the primary somatomotor area (M1) compared to controls.
  • Two hyperthyroid patients showed bilateral activation of the primary motor cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is associated with altered brain activation during motor tasks.
  • Increased functional demands in the motor system may explain the observed brain activity differences in thyroid patients.
  • These findings highlight potential neural mechanisms underlying motor system impairments in thyroid disease.