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Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen BondsHydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are...
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Stable molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together. The strength of a covalent bond is measured by the energy required to break it, that is, the energy necessary to separate the bonded atoms. Separating any pair of bonded atoms requires energy — the stronger a bond, the greater the energy required to break it.
Intermolecular Forces03:13

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Intermolecular Forces03:13

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Hydrogen Bonds01:04

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Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface
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Published on: November 2, 2011

Thermoelectricity in molecular junctions.

Pramod Reddy1, Sung-Yeon Jang, Rachel A Segalman

  • 1Applied Science and Technology Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers measured thermoelectric properties of molecular junctions. They found p-type conduction in gold-molecule-gold systems, opening doors for molecular thermoelectric energy conversion.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular electronics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Thermoelectric materials convert heat to electricity.
  • Molecular junctions offer tunable electronic properties.
  • Understanding charge transport in molecular systems is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure the Seebeck coefficients of molecular junctions.
  • To determine the charge carrier type in gold-molecule-gold heterojunctions.
  • To explore the potential of molecular thermoelectric energy conversion.

Main Methods:

  • Trapping molecules (BDT, dibenzenedithiol, tribenzenedithiol) between gold electrodes.
  • Applying a temperature difference across the electrodes.
  • Measuring junction Seebeck coefficients at room temperature.

Main Results:

  • Seebeck coefficients measured: +8.7 μV/K (BDT), +12.9 μV/K (4,4'-dibenzenedithiol), +14.2 μV/K (4,4''-tribenzenedithiol).
  • Positive Seebeck coefficients indicate unambiguous p-type (hole) conduction.
  • Au Fermi level determined to be 1.2 eV above BDT's highest occupied molecular orbital.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular junctions exhibit significant thermoelectric effects.
  • Demonstrated p-type conduction in gold-molecule-gold systems.
  • Highlights potential for molecular thermoelectric energy harvesting and electronic structure studies.