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Acute and recurrent pancreatitis in children: etiological factors

Carmen A Sánchez-Ramírez1, Alfredo Larrosa-Haro, Silvia Flores-Martínez

  • 1Servicio de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría, and Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara Jalisco, Mexico.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|February 20, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric pancreatitis, both acute and recurrent, shares similar clinical features and causes. Recurrence is common, indicating it

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology
  • Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

  • Pancreatitis in children can be acute or recurrent, necessitating a thorough understanding of its clinical presentation and etiological factors.
  • Previous studies have highlighted various causes and outcomes, but a comprehensive analysis in a pediatric cohort is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of acute and recurrent pancreatitis in children.
  • To identify and assess the various etiological factors contributing to both forms of pediatric pancreatitis.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at a pediatric referral hospital between 2000 and 2005.
  • Clinical and laboratory data, along with etiological factors, were collected from 55 pediatric patients (36 acute, 19 recurrent).
  • Statistical analyses included Chi-squared test, Fisher test, odds ratio, confidence intervals, Student t-test, and Mann-Whitney U-test.

Main Results:

  • Abdominal pain, vomiting, and ileus were the most common symptoms in both acute and recurrent pancreatitis groups.
  • Biliary stones, family history, drug ingestion, and hypercalcemia were identified in both groups.
  • Distinct factors included abdominal trauma and hepatitis A in acute pancreatitis, and hypertriglyceridemia, pancreas divisum, and DeltaF508 mutation in recurrent pancreatitis.

Conclusions:

  • The clinical presentation and etiological profiles of acute and recurrent pancreatitis in children are largely similar.
  • Recurrence rates (one in three children with acute pancreatitis) suggest that pediatric pancreatitis is not a benign condition.
  • Etiological factors were identified in two-thirds of cases, with fifteen distinct factors noted across the cohort.
Abstract

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