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Related Experiment Videos

Fetal growth restriction and postnatal development.

Makarios Eleftheriades1, George Creatsas, Kypros Nicolaides

  • 1Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, University of London, London, UK. makarios.eleftheriadis@kcl.ac.uk

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|February 20, 2007
PubMed
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Prenatal malnutrition and fetal growth restriction (FGR) can program the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, increasing adult disease risk. Early postnatal growth acceleration may worsen metabolic dysfunction later in life.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Perinatal medicine

Background:

  • Fetal development is influenced by genetics and the in utero environment.
  • Prenatal malnutrition and fetal growth restriction (FGR) can program the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
  • FGR is linked to chronic hypoxemia, metabolic and endocrine alterations, and increased perinatal mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of prenatal factors on HPA axis programming.
  • To examine the association between FGR and adult-onset metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
  • To explore the impact of early postnatal growth acceleration on later metabolic health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of animal and human studies on prenatal nutrition and HPA axis function.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of data on metabolic, endocrine, and hematological parameters in FGR.
  • Examination of long-term health outcomes in survivors of FGR and those experiencing postnatal growth acceleration.

    • Main Results:

    • Prenatal malnutrition and FGR alter HPA axis neuroendocrine responses throughout life.
    • FGR survivors exhibit increased susceptibility to adult-onset diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
    • Early postnatal growth acceleration can exacerbate metabolic dysfunction in later life.

    Conclusions:

    • In utero environment and early life nutrition significantly impact long-term health.
    • FGR poses risks for adult metabolic and cardiovascular health.
    • Careful management of postnatal growth is crucial to mitigate long-term health risks.