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Depression and mortality among institutionalized aged.

P A Parmelee1, I R Katz, M P Lawton

  • 1Philadelphia Geriatric Center, PA 19141.

Journal of Gerontology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Depression increases mortality risk in nursing home residents. However, this association disappears when controlling for physical health, functional disability, and cognitive status, suggesting ill health drives the link.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Depression is prevalent in older adults, particularly in long-term care settings.
  • The relationship between depression and mortality in this population requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between depression and mortality in nursing home and congregate apartment residents.
  • To determine if depression independently predicts mortality or if the association is mediated by other health factors.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 898 residents over 30 months.
  • Diagnoses of depression (major, minor, none) at baseline and 1-year follow-up.
  • Event history analyses to assess mortality risk based on depressive status and changes over time, controlling for covariates.

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Main Results:

  • Baseline depression was associated with increased mortality at 6, 12, and 18 months.
  • Changes in depressive status over time did not independently predict mortality.
  • The association between depression and mortality was not significant after controlling for physical health, functional disability, and cognitive status.

Conclusions:

  • The observed association between depression and mortality in this sample appears to be mediated by physical health, functional disability, and cognitive status.
  • While depression may not directly cause mortality, its correlation with ill health is significant.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the complex causal pathways between depression, health, and mortality.