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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

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Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
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Genetic Variation01:25

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Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Gene polymorphisms and behavior.

Peter McGuffin1

  • 1Medical Research Council (MRC) Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom. p.mcguffin@iop.kcl.ac.uk

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|February 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetics research is advancing our understanding of complex familial disorders. Identifying susceptibility genes for psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is a key focus.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry
  • Genomic Medicine

Background:

  • Complex familial disorders, including major psychiatric disorders, exhibit significant heritability.
  • While Mendelian disorders are rare, common conditions often have complex genetic inheritance patterns.
  • Twin and adoption studies provide evidence for the heritability of conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the genetic underpinnings of complex familial and psychiatric disorders.
  • To investigate the potential overlap in genetic susceptibility between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
  • To highlight the advancements in identifying susceptibility genes for major psychiatric disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging post-genomic era technologies for genetic research.
  • Utilizing findings from twin and adoption studies to confirm heritability.
  • Employing whole genome association studies to identify susceptibility loci.

Main Results:

  • Major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are highly heritable.
  • Several susceptibility loci for schizophrenia have been identified.
  • Evidence suggests some genetic overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, with at least one shared susceptibility gene.

Conclusions:

  • The post-genomic era offers significant promise for understanding the etiology of complex familial disorders.
  • The identification of susceptibility genes is crucial for unraveling the genetic basis of psychiatric disorders.
  • Emerging technologies will accelerate the discovery of more genes involved in major psychiatric disorders.