Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Symbiosis

Symbiosis

Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Clinical validation of tissue and liquid companion diagnostics for BRAF V600E detection in non-small cell lung cancers from the PHAROS study.

Cancer research communications·2026

Same author

Pan-tumor validation of FoundationOne<sup>®</sup>CDx as a companion diagnostic for <i>RET</i> fusions as a predictor of response to selpercatinib.

Frontiers in oncology·2026

Same author

Impact of a one-year interruption to vector control on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.

Malaria journal·2026

Same author

Projected impacts of climate change on malaria in Africa.

Nature·2026

Same author

Impact of a one-year interruption to vector control on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025

Same author

Clinical utility of companion diagnostic biomarker results below the limit of detection in comprehensive genomic profiling of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

The oncologist·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Protocol for Production of a Genetic Cross of the Rodent Malaria Parasites

Protocol for Production of a Genetic Cross of the Rodent Malaria Parasites

Published on: January 4, 2011

Revisiting the basic reproductive number for malaria and its implications for malaria control.

David L Smith¹, F Ellis McKenzie, Robert W Snow

¹Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America. smitdave@helix.nih.gov

|February 22, 2007

Summary

This study estimates the basic reproductive number (R0) for malaria in 121 African populations, revealing a wide range of transmission challenges. Effective malaria control requires tailored strategies considering R0, population density, and biting patterns.

More Related Videos

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages

Published on: May 30, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Protocol for Production of a Genetic Cross of the Rodent Malaria Parasites

Protocol for Production of a Genetic Cross of the Rodent Malaria Parasites

Published on: January 4, 2011

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages

Published on: May 30, 2019

Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Vector-borne disease research
Mathematical modeling of infectious diseases

Background:

The success of malaria control is intrinsically linked to the basic reproductive number (R0).
Existing estimates of R0 for malaria are limited, hindering comprehensive control planning.
Understanding R0 variations across populations is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate R0 for malaria in 121 African populations using a novel methodology.
To analyze the impact of finite human population size (H) on malaria transmission dynamics.
To investigate the influence of heterogeneous biting patterns on R0 and transmission.

Main Methods:

Novel estimation of R0 for malaria across 121 distinct African populations.
Mathematical modeling to assess malaria transmission in finite human populations (H).
Analysis of how heterogeneous biting rates affect R0 and related transmission parameters (Z0(H), R0(H)).

Main Results:

R0 estimates for malaria varied significantly, ranging from approximately 1 to over 3,000.
Classic formulas for R0(H) were found to overestimate transmission in finite populations.
Heterogeneous biting patterns were shown to increase R0 and Z0(H) but could decrease R0(H).

Conclusions:

The wide range of R0 estimates underscores the variable challenges in malaria control.
High R0 populations necessitate integrated control strategies targeting individuals with high biting exposure.
Strategic malaria control planning must incorporate R0, spatial transmission scales, population density, and biting heterogeneity.