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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: effect on middle ear and eustachian tube function.

J L Fernau1, B E Hirsch, C Derkay

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15260.

The Laryngoscope
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) can cause ear problems. This study found 45% of patients developed eustachian tube dysfunction, leading to ear fullness and serous otitis media, often requiring treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Diving Medicine
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) is an adjuvant treatment for various conditions.
  • Patients undergoing HBO therapy frequently report ear discomfort, including pain and fullness.
  • Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a common complaint associated with HBO.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To objectively assess changes in eustachian tube function after HBO treatment.
  • To determine the incidence of middle ear complications following HBO therapy.
  • To identify predictors of developing ear problems during HBO treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 33 adult patients undergoing HBO therapy.
  • Objective measurement of eustachian tube function using the 9-step inflation-deflation test (Bluestone).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of ear fullness, serous otitis media, and need for tympanostomy tubes.
  • Main Results:

    • 45% of patients (15/33) exhibited ETD post-HBO treatment.
    • All patients with post-HBO ETD developed ear fullness (100%) and serous otitis media (87%).
    • Overall, 82% experienced ear fullness, 52% developed serous otitis media, and 24% required tympanostomy tubes.

    Conclusions:

    • HBO therapy is associated with a high incidence of ETD and middle ear complications.
    • Pre-existing ETD accurately predicts the development of ear fullness and serous otitis media during HBO.
    • Patients with ETD after initial HBO treatment are at increased risk for significant ear problems.