Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Pacing-Controlled Procedure for the Assessment of Heart Rate-Dependent Diastolic Functions in Murine Heart Failure Models
Published on: July 21, 2023
Elevated BNP with normal systolic function in asymptomatic individuals at-risk for heart failure: a marker of
S Karuppiah1, F Graham, M Ledwidge
1Heart Failure Unit, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Background:
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is widely accepted in the evaluation of left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure. However, little is known of the implications of elevated BNP levels in individuals with preserved systolic function (PSF).
Aims:
To investigate the drivers and clinical implications of elevated BNP levels in asymptomatic individuals with established PSF.
Methods:
We enrolled 154 individuals who all underwent physical examination, BNP evaluation and Doppler-echocardiographic studies. They were divided into those above and below the median BNP level (50 pg/ml).
Results:
Independent predictors of higher BNP were older age, more severe left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), reduced E/A ratio and ischaemic heart disease. Survival and multivariable analysis demonstrated more death and/or admission in those above the median BNP (HR: 4.79, p=0.007).
Conclusions:
Elevated BNP is the strongest, independent predictor of serious adverse cardiovascular outcomes in this population and requires closer clinical follow-up.
Related Concept Videos
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies