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Bed-wetting in Chinese children: epidemiology and predictive factors
Qing Wei Wang1,2, Jian Guo Wen1,2, Dong Kui Song3
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Urodynamic Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan, China.
Insights
Bed-wetting is common in young Chinese children, decreasing with age. Male gender and rural living are risk factors for childhood bed-wetting, with rural areas and arousal dysfunction linked to severity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Urology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Bed-wetting (nocturnal enuresis) is a common childhood condition with varying prevalence globally.
- Understanding its epidemiology in specific populations, like Chinese children, is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and severity of bed-wetting in Chinese children aged 1-18 years.
- To identify risk factors associated with bed-wetting in this demographic.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 13,515 self-administered questionnaires for parents of children aged 1-18 in Henan province.
- Analysis included prevalence, and logistic regression to assess relationships with age, gender, location, arousal dysfunction, daytime symptoms, and family history.
Main Results:
- Overall prevalence was 23.03% (1-4 years), 5.66% (5-12 years), and 1.37% (13-18 years).
- Male gender and rural residence were associated with higher prevalence.
- Rural living, arousal dysfunction, and daytime symptoms correlated with increased severity. Only 3.64% received professional evaluation.
Conclusions:
- Bed-wetting prevalence in Chinese children is significant but lower than in Western countries, possibly due to cultural factors.
- Rural living, arousal dysfunction, and daytime symptoms are predictive factors for more severe bed-wetting.
- Low rates of professional evaluation suggest a need for increased awareness and access to care.
Aims:
To estimate the prevalence and severity of bed-wetting in 1-18-year-old Chinese children.
Materials And Methods:
A cross-sectional study of bed-wetting was performed by using 13,515 self-administered questionnaires distributed to the parents of 1-18-year-old Chinese children in Henan province. The prevalence of bed-wetting was determined. The relationship of wetting to age, gender, community characteristics (rural or urban), arousal dysfunction, associated day-time symptoms (frequency, urgency, and incontinence), and family history were analyzed.
Results:
There was a response rate of 87% (5,978 boys and 5,786 girls). The overall prevalence of bed-wetting was 23.03% in those aged 1-4, 5.66% in those 5-12, and 1.37% in those 13-18. When a logistic regression analysis was applied to determine risk factors for the bed-wetting, a positive relationship was seen with male gender and living in rural areas. Further, living in rural areas, arousal dysfunction, and associated day symptoms were significantly related to more severe bed-wetting. Only 3.64% of the children had undergone professional evaluation.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of bed-wetting is significant in Chinese children, but lower than in most western countries, which is likely due to cultural differences. Living in rural areas, having arousal dysfunction, and having associated day-time symptoms may be predicative factors for marked bed-wetting.
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