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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV01:26

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV

Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in different ways based on the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Does negative affect increase change readiness among college hazardous drinkers?

Joshua P Smith1, Giao Q Tran

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, College of Arts and Sciences, P.O. Box 210376, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0376, USA. smijp@email.uc.edu

Addictive Behaviors
|February 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Depression and anxiety can motivate individuals to change their drinking habits. Anxiety appears to be a stronger predictor of readiness to change alcohol use than depression.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • The Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model posits that perceived costs of substance abuse exceeding benefits can drive behavioral change.
  • Understanding factors influencing readiness to change is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of depression and anxiety on the motivation to alter hazardous drinking behaviors among undergraduates.
  • To determine the relative contribution of depression and anxiety to readiness for alcohol change.

Main Methods:

  • Self-report data were collected from 233 undergraduate hazardous drinkers.
  • Regression analyses were employed to assess the relationship between depression, anxiety, and readiness to change drinking behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Elevated levels of both depression and anxiety were significantly associated with increased readiness to change drinking habits.
  • Anxiety symptoms explained a greater proportion of variance in alcohol change readiness compared to depressive symptoms when both were considered concurrently.

Conclusions:

  • Depression and anxiety play a significant role in motivating individuals towards changing their drinking behaviors.
  • Anxiety may be a more potent psychological driver for initiating alcohol change than depression, suggesting targeted interventions.
  • Findings support the integration of mental health assessments in substance abuse interventions and inform future research directions.