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Related Experiment Videos

Noncoding RNA transcription beyond annotated genes.

Piero Carninci1, Yoshihide Hayashizaki

  • 1Genome Exploration Research Group, RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. rgscerg@gsc.riken.jp

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|February 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The majority of the genome is transcribed into RNA, not just protein-coding genes. Many of these noncoding RNAs, prevalent in mammals, likely play regulatory roles.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • High-throughput transcriptome data reveal extensive genomic transcription.
  • Noncoding RNAs constitute a significant portion of cellular RNA, exceeding protein-coding transcripts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and potential function of noncoding RNAs.
  • To understand the regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs in mammalian cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of high-throughput transcriptome data.
  • Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses.

Main Results:

  • A large fraction of the genome is transcribed into RNA, surpassing protein-coding regions.
  • Noncoding RNAs represent at least 50% of RNA polymerase II transcripts in mammals.

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  • Many noncoding RNAs are transcribed bidirectionally from the genome.

    • Conclusions:

    • Transcription extends far beyond protein-coding genes, producing abundant noncoding RNAs.
    • Noncoding RNAs are widespread in mammals and are increasingly recognized for their regulatory functions.