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Hermaphroditism in 3 chimeric mice.

A McIntyre1, K M D La Perle

  • 1Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Rockefeller University, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.

Veterinary Pathology
|February 24, 2007
PubMed
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Three male chimeric mice developed hermaphroditism, exhibiting both male and female reproductive organs. This condition, characterized by ovotestes or ovarian tissue alongside male structures, is increasingly observed in genetically engineered mice.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Chimeric mice are valuable models for studying developmental processes.
  • Genetic engineering techniques, including embryonic stem cell microinjection, create chimeric animal models.
  • Hermaphroditism, the presence of both male and female reproductive organs, can occur in various species, including genetically modified mice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report and characterize hermaphroditism in male chimeric mice generated through specific genetic engineering methods.
  • To investigate the incidence and potential causes of intersex conditions in genetically engineered mouse models.
  • To compare the observed hermaphroditism with known cases in other species and genetic contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of chimeric mice by microinjecting 129/Ola XY recombinant embryonic stem cells into C57BL/6 blastocysts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Gross and histological examination of reproductive organs in chimeric mice.
  • Assessment of chimerism using haircoat color analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Three 6-month-old male chimeric mice were diagnosed with hermaphroditism.
    • Mice exhibited a range of conditions including unilateral ovaries, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, ovotestes, testes, and epididymides.
    • Histological analysis revealed true hermaphroditism in two mice and pseudohermaphroditism in one.
    • Chimerism levels were high (95-100%), yet the presence of both male and female organs was noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Male chimeric mice can develop hermaphroditism, presenting with both male and female reproductive structures.
    • The incidence of hermaphroditism in genetically engineered mice may be higher than previously reported and is expected to rise.
    • These findings highlight the importance of careful phenotyping in genetically engineered animal models, especially concerning reproductive development.