Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids01:21

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

796
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
796
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

922
Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
922
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

699
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
699
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

639
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
639
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

7.0K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
7.0K
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Interplay of Metabolome and Gut Microbiome in Individuals With Major Depressive Disorder vs Control Individuals.

JAMA psychiatry·2023
Same author

White matter integrity is associated with cognition and amyloid burden in older adult Koreans along the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2023
Same author

Consistency of Graph Theoretical Measurements of Alzheimer's Disease Fiber Density Connectomes Across Multiple Parcellation Scales.

Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine·2023
Same author

Social enrichment on the job: Complex work with people improves episodic memory, promotes brain reserve, and reduces the risk of dementia.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2023
Same author

Novel <i>CYP1B1-RMDN2</i> Alzheimer's disease locus identified by genome-wide association analysis of cerebral tau deposition on PET.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2023
Same author

Aberrant GAP43 Gene Expression Is Alzheimer Disease Pathology-Specific.

Annals of neurology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
05:56

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Published on: June 21, 2024

2.1K

Candidate mechanisms for chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes.

Tim A Ahles1, Andrew J Saykin

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA. ahlest@mskcc.org

Nature Reviews. Cancer
|February 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Chemotherapy may cause cognitive decline through genetic factors affecting DNA repair and immune response. Hormonal changes and reduced neural repair capacity may also contribute to these cognitive changes.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Improving Anesthesia Protocols for Enhanced Mouse Acupuncture Research
03:26

Author Spotlight: Improving Anesthesia Protocols for Enhanced Mouse Acupuncture Research

Published on: December 8, 2023

1.9K
Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
07:42

Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity

Published on: April 26, 2012

18.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
05:56

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Published on: June 21, 2024

2.1K
Author Spotlight: Improving Anesthesia Protocols for Enhanced Mouse Acupuncture Research
03:26

Author Spotlight: Improving Anesthesia Protocols for Enhanced Mouse Acupuncture Research

Published on: December 8, 2023

1.9K
Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
07:42

Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity

Published on: April 26, 2012

18.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes, often termed "chemobrain," present a significant challenge for cancer survivors.
  • The underlying mechanisms contributing to cognitive impairment after chemotherapy remain largely undetermined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate potential mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes.
  • To explore the interplay between genetic predispositions and chemotherapy's effects on cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • This study proposes a theoretical framework integrating genetic risk factors and chemotherapy's impact.
  • Candidate mechanisms discussed include genetic predispositions in DNA repair, immune response, and neuroprotective systems.

Main Results:

  • Shared genetic factors for cancer and cognitive issues, such as inefficient efflux pumps and DNA repair deficits, may be exacerbated by chemotherapy.
  • Chemotherapy may also induce cognitive decline through reduced neural repair capacity and antioxidant defenses, potentially linked to hormonal changes (estrogen, testosterone).

Conclusions:

  • A combination of genetic vulnerabilities and chemotherapy's systemic effects likely contributes to cognitive decline.
  • Interactions between genetic factors, hormonal modulation, and neural repair capacity may independently or collectively impact cognitive function post-chemotherapy.