Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Posterior Urethral Valves at the University College Hospital Ibadan: A Seven-Year Review.

West African journal of medicine·2026
Same author

Underlying Medical Conditions Identified in Patients with In-Hospital and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Nigeria.

Nigerian journal of clinical practice·2026
Same author

Assessing the Correlation of Protein C and Protein S Levels with Stroke Severity and Functional Outcomes in Adults with Ischaemic Stroke.

West African journal of medicine·2025
Same author

Limitations to the Implementation of a Robotic Rehabilitation Programme for Stroke Survivors in Nigeria.

West African journal of medicine·2025
Same author

Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) as an Index of Severity and Predictor of Functional Outcome in Acute Stroke.

West African journal of medicine·2025
Same author

Correlates of Histologic Activity and Chronicity Indices in Adult Patients with Glomerulonephritides: A Nigerian Picture.

West African journal of medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Focal Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer: An Office Procedure
11:07

Focal Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer: An Office Procedure

Published on: March 30, 2021

Caudal block anesthesia for transrectal prostate biopsy.

S O Ikuerowo1, A A Popoola, E O Olapade-Olaopa

  • 1Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 8661, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. kerowq@yahoo.com

International Urology and Nephrology
|February 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Caudal anesthesia effectively reduces pain during transrectal prostate biopsies. This method improves patient cooperation and reduces the need for post-procedure pain medication.

More Related Videos

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance
05:35

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance

Published on: June 6, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Focal Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer: An Office Procedure
11:07

Focal Laser Ablation of Prostate Cancer: An Office Procedure

Published on: March 30, 2021

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance
05:35

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Urology
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Transrectal prostate biopsy is often associated with significant patient discomfort.
  • Caudal anesthesia is a known technique for managing pain during perianal procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of caudal anesthesia in mitigating pain during transrectal prostate biopsy.
  • To assess patient cooperation and outcomes with caudal anesthesia use.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy patients undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy were enrolled.
  • Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) via questionnaire.
  • Anesthesia effectiveness and complications were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Effective anesthesia was achieved in 28 of 34 patients receiving caudal block.
  • Mean VAS scores were significantly lower in patients with effective caudal anesthesia (1.49) compared to those without (8.02).
  • Reduced analgesic requirements and minor complications (dizziness) were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Caudal anesthesia provides satisfactory pain relief for transrectal prostate biopsy.
  • The use of caudal anesthesia enhances patient cooperation during the procedure.