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Postrenal transplantation body composition: different evolution depending on gender.

Andreia S P S Coroas1, José G G de Oliveira, Susana M M Sampaio

  • 1Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Porto University, Porto, Portugal. jcasimiro@mail.telepac.pt

Journal of Renal Nutrition : the Official Journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation
|February 27, 2007
PubMed
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Kidney transplant recipients, especially males, experience persistent body water imbalances post-transplant, likely due to immunosuppressive drugs. Females showed fewer significant changes in body composition compared to healthy individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Body Composition Analysis
  • Transplant Medicine

Background:

  • Patients on hemodialysis often have reduced body mass, characterized by decreased fat and body cell mass (BCM) alongside expanded extracellular water (ECW).
  • Kidney transplant (Tx) recipients regain renal function but face metabolic challenges from immunosuppressive therapies, potentially hindering nutritional recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how renal function recovery influences body fluid composition in the initial post-Tx period.
  • To analyze gender-based differences in body composition changes after kidney transplantation.
  • To compare post-Tx body composition with healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed on 18 kidney transplant recipients (11 males, 7 females) pre-Tx and at 1 and 3 months post-Tx.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Key parameters measured included total body water, ECW, intracellular water, Na:K exchangeable ratio, phase angle, and BCM.
  • A healthy control group was assessed three times over one year for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • Pre-Tx, male recipients exhibited differences compared to healthy males, with higher resistance, reactance, intracellular water, and BCM, but lower ECW.
    • Post-Tx (1 and 3 months), males showed altered total body water compared to controls.
    • Females generally showed no significant BIA parameter differences from healthy females, except for lower reactance at month 1.

    Conclusions:

    • Uremic males display pre-Tx body water disturbances, and post-Tx, they exhibit incomplete recovery with increased total body water, likely due to drug side effects.
    • Pre-Tx, kidney transplant recipients who are female did not differ from healthy females in BIA parameters.
    • Gender differences are significant in the recovery of body fluid composition after kidney transplantation.