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Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
Lipids as Anchors01:32

Lipids as Anchors

In the plasma membrane, the lipids forming the bilayer can also act as an anchor to tether proteins to the membrane. The three main types of lipid anchors found in eukaryotes are – prenyl groups, fatty acyl groups, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol or GPI groups. Prenyl and fatty acyl groups act as anchors on the cytosolic surface of the membrane, whereas GPI anchors proteins on the extracellular side.
The carboxy-terminal of most of the prenylated proteins, such as Ras proteins, contains the...
Membrane Lipids01:32

Membrane Lipids

Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...

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PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
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Published on: July 27, 2017

Phospholipids as implant coatings.

R Willumeit1, A Schuster, P Iliev

  • 1GKSS Research Centre, Institute for Materials Research, Max-Planck-Str. 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany. regine.willumeit@gkss.de

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|February 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Metallic surfaces coated with phospholipids like POPE or POPC show promise for improving cell adhesion and viability. This biomaterial approach also demonstrated significant reduction in bacterial growth on coated surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Bio-interfaces, including cell membranes, are crucial for biological processes like cell-cell interactions.
  • Metallic surfaces require modification to promote favorable interactions with biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of phospholipid coatings on metallic surfaces for enhanced cell-material interactions.
  • To evaluate the influence of different phospholipids (POPC, POPE, POPS, POPG) on osteosarcoma and macrophage cell lines.
  • To assess the impact of phospholipid coatings on bacterial growth.

Main Methods:

  • Four phospholipids (POPC, POPE, POPS, POPG) were applied to metallic substrates with varying surface properties.
  • Osteosarcoma (MG-63) and macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell interactions were studied using cell adhesion and MTT assays.
  • Bacterial growth (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) was quantified on lipid-coated surfaces.

Main Results:

  • POPS coatings generally had a negative impact on MG-63 cell viability.
  • Porous Ti6Al4V coated with POPE or POPC showed the best viability for adherent MG-63 cells.
  • POPS coatings resulted in the worst adhesion and viability for RAW 264.7 cells, with the highest TNF-alpha release.
  • Lipid concentrations above 1 mM in solution stimulated bacterial growth.
  • Phospholipid coatings reduced bacterial numbers by 81% (POPC), 74% (POPG), and 51% (POPE).

Conclusions:

  • Phospholipid coatings, particularly POPE and POPC on porous Ti6Al4V, can significantly enhance cell viability and adhesion.
  • Specific phospholipids can modulate immune responses, as seen with POPS and TNF-alpha release.
  • Phospholipid-coated surfaces effectively inhibit bacterial growth, offering potential for antimicrobial applications.