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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
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Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
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Pulmonary embolism: prognostic CT findings.

Philip A Araoz1, Michael B Gotway, Jeffrey R Harrington

  • 1Department of Radiology, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. paraoz@mayo.edu

Radiology
|February 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Computed tomographic (CT) findings of ventricular septal bowing (VSB) can predict death in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). However, VSB has low sensitivity and high interobserver variability, while RV/LV ratio and embolic burden do not predict short-term death.

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Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
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Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Published on: November 4, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a significant cause of mortality.
  • Accurate risk stratification is crucial for managing PE patients.
  • Computed tomography (CT) is a primary diagnostic tool for PE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if specific CT findings predict short-term death in acute PE patients.
  • To assess ventricular septal bowing (VSB), RV/LV diameter ratio, and embolic burden as predictors of mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1193 patients with CT-confirmed PE.
  • Independent review of CT scans by two observers to assess VSB, RV/LV ratio, and embolic burden.
  • Statistical analysis using univariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine association with short-term death.

Main Results:

  • Ventricular septal bowing (VSB) showed association with death in univariate and multivariate analyses (OR 1.97-2.18, P=0.04-0.05).
  • VSB demonstrated low sensitivity (18-21%) but high specificity (87-88%) for predicting death.
  • Neither RV/LV diameter ratio nor embolic burden was associated with an increased risk of death.

Conclusions:

  • CT-depicted VSB is a potential predictor of death in acute PE.
  • The clinical utility of VSB is limited by its low sensitivity and high interobserver variability.
  • RV/LV diameter ratio and embolic burden are not reliable predictors of short-term mortality in acute PE.