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Screening mouse vision with intrinsic signal optical imaging.

J Alexander Heimel1, Robin J Hartman, Josephine M Hermans

  • 1Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. heimel@nin.knaw.nl

The European Journal of Neuroscience
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Summary

New transcranial imaging methods enable rapid screening of mouse visual function. These techniques revealed developmental changes in acuity and temporal resolution, and plasticity after monocular deprivation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vision Science
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Forward genetic screens in mice require efficient methods for assessing visual function.
  • Transcranial imaging of intrinsic signals offers a non-invasive approach to evaluate visual cortex responses.
  • Existing methods needed refinement to reduce biological noise and optimize stimulus presentation for rapid screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate novel transcranial imaging techniques for high-throughput screening of visual function in mice.
  • To quantify visual response properties, including acuity and temporal resolution, during development and after visual manipulations.
  • To investigate the effects of monocular deprivation on visual cortex plasticity in juvenile and adult mice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized transcranial imaging of intrinsic signals for non-invasive assessment of visual cortex activity.
  • Implemented a normalization method to minimize biological noise and improve signal quantification.
  • Introduced a 'reset'-stimulus protocol to shorten interstimulus intervals and accelerate response decay.
  • Applied monocular deprivation to study visual plasticity and critical period effects.

Main Results:

  • Mouse visual acuity increased from 0.35 cpd at postnatal day 25 to 0.56 cpd in adults.
  • Adult mice exhibited lower temporal resolution compared to juvenile animals.
  • Monocular deprivation in juveniles caused acuity loss and a shift towards the non-deprived eye.
  • An adult ocular dominance shift was detected under urethane anesthesia but masked by GABA(A)-receptor enhancement.

Conclusions:

  • Novel transcranial imaging methods allow for rapid, non-invasive screening of diverse visual cortex functions in mice.
  • These techniques provide valuable insights into visual development, plasticity, and the effects of genetic or environmental manipulations.
  • The findings contribute to understanding visual system development and potential therapeutic targets for visual impairments.