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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are employed to...
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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...

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PLGA Nanoparticles Formed by Single- or Double-emulsion with Vitamin E-TPGS
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Published on: December 27, 2013

Nanoparticle layers controlling drug release from emulsions.

Spomenka Simovic1, Clive A Prestidge

  • 1Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V
|March 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Silica nanoparticle layers control drug release from emulsions. Hydrophobic layers sustain release of lipophilic drugs below solubility limits, while both types enhance release above solubility.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Interfacial layers significantly impact drug delivery systems.
  • Controlling nanoparticle layer structure is key to tuning release kinetics.
  • Silica nanoparticles offer tunable properties for interfacial engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of silica nanoparticle interfacial layers on the release kinetics of a model lipophilic drug (di-butyl-phthalate, DBP).
  • To explore how nanoparticle hydrophobicity and solution conditions influence layer structure and drug release.
  • To determine the potential of engineered nanoparticle layers for controlled drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Formation of silica nanoparticle layers via self-assembly from solution.
  • Control of nanoparticle layer structure by varying nanoparticle hydrophobicity and solution conditions.
  • Analysis of drug release kinetics for di-butyl-phthalate (DBP) from polydimethylsiloxane droplets in water at different loading levels.

Main Results:

  • Hydrophobic silica nanoparticle layers facilitated significant sustained release of DBP below its solubility limit.
  • Activation energies for release with nanoparticle layers were substantially higher than with polymeric stabilizers.
  • Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanoparticle layers increased the rate and extent of DBP dissolution above its solubility limit compared to uncoated droplets.

Conclusions:

  • Interfacial layers of silica nanoparticles can be engineered to control the release kinetics of lipophilic drugs from oil-in-water emulsions.
  • Tailoring nanoparticle layer properties allows for either sustained or enhanced drug release, depending on drug loading and layer type.
  • Engineered silica nanoparticle layers show significant potential for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs.