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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

PPARG locus haplotype variation and exacerbations in asthma.

C N A Palmer1, A S F Doney, T Ismail

  • 1Biomedical Research Centre, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK.

Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|March 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Certain genetic variations in the PPARG gene are linked to an increased risk of asthma exacerbations in young people. This finding suggests a role for genetic factors in managing childhood asthma.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is recognized for its role in regulating inflammation.
  • PPARgamma's involvement in inflammatory processes suggests a potential connection to asthma pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PPARG gene and asthma exacerbations in a pediatric and young adult population.
  • To explore the impact of these genetic variations on asthma-related clinical outcomes such as school absences and hospital admissions.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of mouthwash-derived DNA from 569 patients aged 3-22 years for known PPARG SNPs (Pro12Ala, C1431T, C-681G).
  • Clinical interviews and measurements were used to assess asthma exacerbations and related outcomes.
  • Statistical analysis, including odds ratio calculations, was performed to determine the association between genotypes and asthma exacerbations.

Main Results:

  • A common homozygous haplotype combination of the Pro12 and C1431 alleles (ProC genotype) was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma exacerbations (OR 1.87, P=0.002).
  • The ProC genotype also correlated with higher rates of school absences (OR 1.82, P=0.004) and hospital admissions (OR 2.32, P=0.015) within a 6-month period.
  • This genotype accounted for a substantial 33% of the population-attributable risk for asthma exacerbations.

Conclusions:

  • Common genetic variations within the PPARG gene locus appear to significantly influence the long-term management and control of asthma in children and young adults.
  • These findings highlight the potential of PPARG genetic variants as biomarkers for predicting asthma exacerbation risk and guiding therapeutic strategies.