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Related Experiment Videos

Positive force feedback in human walking.

Michael J Grey1, Jens Bo Nielsen, Nazarena Mazzaro

  • 1Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. mgrey@mfi.ku.dk

The Journal of Physiology
|March 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Load receptors may enhance ankle extensor muscle activity during walking. Force feedback, potentially from Golgi tendon organs, appears reduced during unloading perturbations in late stance.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Ankle extensor muscle activity is crucial for stable walking.
  • The role of sensory feedback in modulating muscle activity during gait is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of load receptors to muscle activity enhancement in the late stance phase of walking.
  • To examine the influence of treadmill inclination on responses to plantar flexion perturbations.

Main Methods:

  • Able-bodied subjects walked on a treadmill at varying inclinations (level, 4% decline, 4% incline).
  • Plantar flexion perturbations were applied during the late stance phase.
  • Soleus electromyography (EMG) and Achilles' tendon force were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Plantar flexion perturbations caused a decrease in soleus EMG that varied with treadmill inclination.
  • Soleus EMG and Achilles' tendon force during control steps also varied with inclination.
  • Ankle displacement and velocity showed an inverse relationship with treadmill inclination.

Conclusions:

  • Golgi tendon organ feedback (via group Ib pathway) is likely reduced during unloading perturbations.
  • Changes in responses suggest that force feedback enhances soleus activity in the late stance phase of walking.