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Postural change effects on infants' AB task performance: visual, postural, or spatial?

Adina R Lew1, Brian Hopkins, Laura H Owen

  • 1Centre for Research in Human Development, Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YF, UK. a.r.lew@lancaster.ac.uk

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|March 6, 2007
PubMed
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Infants overcome the A-not-B error when their posture changes, suggesting reach planning, not execution, causes perseveration. This impacts understanding infant cognitive development and reaching abilities.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The A-not-B error is a developmental milestone where infants fail to find an object hidden in a new location after previously seeing it hidden in an initial location.
  • Previous research suggested postural changes, like sitting to standing, improve A-not-B task performance by altering muscle forces for reaching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To disentangle the effects of postural changes versus spatial relation changes on infant A-not-B task performance.
  • To determine if perseveration in the A-not-B error occurs during reach planning or execution.

Main Methods:

  • Infants were tested on the A-not-B task under three conditions: sitting, sitting-to-standing with a static table, and sitting-to-standing with a moving table.
  • The moving table condition altered the spatial relationship between the infant's hand and the hiding location while maintaining a postural change.

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Main Results:

  • Infants performed poorly in the standard sitting condition and the sitting-to-standing condition with a static table.
  • Infants succeeded only when the sitting-to-standing transition also altered the spatial relationship between their hand and the apparatus.

Conclusions:

  • Perseveration in the A-not-B error is linked to reach planning, not motor execution.
  • Findings suggest that changes in spatial context, rather than just postural shifts, are critical for overcoming perseverative reaching behaviors in infants.