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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion

Published on: May 4, 2011

The neuroscience of remote memory.

Larry R Squire¹, Peter J Bayley

¹Veterans Affairs Medical Center 116A, 3550 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA. lsquire@ucsd.edu

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

|March 6, 2007

Summary

Neuroscience research on remote memory is accelerating, with new evidence from patient studies, neuroimaging, and animal models. This review synthesizes findings to clarify the organization and neurobiology of long-term memory recall.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Neurobiology

Background:

Renewed scientific interest in the organization and neurobiology of remote memory.
Disagreement exists regarding the interpretation of recent findings in the field.
Accelerated pace of research necessitates a synthesis of current evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively review prominent evidence regarding remote memory.
To reconcile differing interpretations of data on memory consolidation and retrieval.
To present straightforward conclusions on the neuroscience of remote memory.

Main Methods:

Review of studies on retrograde amnesia in patients with well-characterized lesions.
Analysis of neuroimaging studies in healthy volunteers.

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

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Examination of experimental animal research, including lesion studies, imaging, and mouse genetics.

Main Results:

Integration of diverse evidence from human and animal studies.
Identification of a coherent narrative underlying remote memory.
Emergence of clear conclusions regarding the neural basis of long-term memory.

Conclusions:

The available evidence provides a unified understanding of remote memory.
Neuroscience of remote memory is elucidated through patient, imaging, and animal data.
Straightforward conclusions can be drawn about the neural mechanisms of remote memory.