Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Pulsed Wave Doppler Assessment of Diastolic Dysfunction in the ZSF-1 Rat Model of Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease
08:57

Pulsed Wave Doppler Assessment of Diastolic Dysfunction in the ZSF-1 Rat Model of Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease

Published on: May 22, 2026

Circumferential versus longitudinal systolic function in patients with hypertension: a nonlinear relation

Piercarlo Ballo1, Ilaria Quatrini, Elisa Giacomin

  • 1Cardiology Operative Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy. pcballo@tin.it

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography
|March 6, 2007
PubMed

Insights

In hypertensive patients, left ventricular (LV) systolic function impairment occurs earlier in longitudinal than circumferential performance. The relationship between these functions is nonlinear and depends on LV geometry.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Hypertension is linked to early left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction.
  • Both impaired circumferential midwall and longitudinal function are early indicators.
  • The interplay between these indices in hypertensive patients remains unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between midwall and longitudinal LV function indices in hypertensive patients.
  • To investigate how LV geometry influences this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • 126 hypertensive patients were studied.
  • Measurements included midwall fractional shortening (mFS), stress-corrected mFS, M-mode atrioventricular plane displacement, and tissue Doppler-derived peak mitral annular systolic velocity.
  • Regression analysis was used to determine relationships.

Main Results:

  • The relationship between midwall and longitudinal indices was nonlinear.
  • Reduced longitudinal function (atrioventricular plane displacement, mitral annular systolic velocity) correlated with smaller decreases in mFS, especially at higher ranges.
  • Relative wall thickness was the primary determinant of circumferential and longitudinal contraction efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between circumferential and longitudinal LV function in hypertension is nonlinear and influenced by LV geometry.
  • Systolic dysfunction manifests earlier in longitudinal function compared to circumferential function in hypertensive individuals.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Quantification of Global Diastolic Function by Kinematic Modeling-based Analysis of Transmitral Flow via the Parametrized Diastolic Filling Formalism11:04

Quantification of Global Diastolic Function by Kinematic Modeling-based Analysis of Transmitral Flow via the Parametrized Diastolic Filling Formalism

Published on: September 1, 2014

Intravascular Ultrasound Image-Based Finite Element Modeling Approach for Quantifying In Vivo Mechanical Properties of Human Coronary Artery06:18

Intravascular Ultrasound Image-Based Finite Element Modeling Approach for Quantifying In Vivo Mechanical Properties of Human Coronary Artery

Published on: December 6, 2024

Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...