Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions
Published on: October 5, 2019
The Spectroscopy: a modern technology in the characterization of novel macrocyclic ligand and its homo-bi-nuclear
Lokesh Kumar Gupta1, Sulekh Chandra
1Department of Chemistry, Zakir Husain College, University of Delhi, JLN-Marg, New Delhi, India.
Abstract:
A novel hexadentate nitrogen-sulphur donor [N(4)S(2)] macrocyclic ligand, i.e. 3,13-dithio-6,10,16,20-tetraoxo-8,18-dithia-1,2,4,5,11,12,14,15-octaazacyclocosane (L), has been synthesized. Cobalt (II) complexes of this ligand have been prepared and subjected to elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic moment susceptibility measurements, mass, (1)H NMR (Ligand), IR, electronic, and EPR spectral studies. On the basis of molar conductance, complexes may be formulated as [Co(2)(L)X(2)]X(2) [where X=Cl(-), Br(-), NO(3)(-) and NCS(-)] due to their 1:2 electrolytic nature in dimethylformamide (DMF). All the complexes are of the high spin type and are four coordinated. On the basis of IR, electronic and EPR spectral studies tetrahedral geometry has been assigned to all the complexes. The antimicrobial activities of the ligand and its complexes, as growth inhibiting agents, have been screened in vitro against several species of bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi.
Related Concept Videos
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Structural Isomerism
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Valence Bond Theory
UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands

