Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

15:00
Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
Published on: May 1, 2020
Literacy and children with specific language impairment.
C Melanie Schuele1, Elizabeth J Spencer, Karen Barako-Arndt
1Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-8242, USA. melanie.schuele@vanderbilt.edu
Seminars in Speech and Language
|March 7, 2007
Summary
Children with specific language impairment (SLI) face literacy challenges. This review explores literacy outcomes and evidence-based intervention principles for preschoolers and early school-age children with SLI.
Area of Science:
- Speech and Language Pathology
- Developmental Psychology
- Education
Background:
- Specific language impairment (SLI) affects language development, potentially impacting literacy.
- Early identification and intervention are crucial for children with SLI.
- Understanding literacy outcomes in SLI informs targeted support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literacy outcomes for children with specific language impairment.
- To outline principles and approaches for literacy intervention in preschool and early school-age children with language impairments.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing findings on literacy in SLI.
- Analysis of intervention principles and evidence-based approaches.
- Focus on developmental and intervention literature.
Main Results:
- Children with SLI often experience difficulties in literacy development.
- Best practice principles guide effective intervention.
- Specific strategies are needed for preschool and early school-age populations.
Conclusions:
- Literacy outcomes for children with SLI require focused attention.
- Evidence-based interventions, guided by developmental principles, are essential.
- Tailored approaches for different age groups enhance literacy acquisition in children with language impairments.
Related Concept Videos
Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Language and Cognition
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Health Literacy
Health literacy is an individual's or a community's capacity to comprehend, receive, read, and use relevant healthcare information and services. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines health literacy as the cognitive and social skills that determine the ability of individuals to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health. As a result, the WHO helps individuals manage long-term health concerns, participate in preventative programs,...
Language Development
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
Intellectual Disability
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
Information Processing Approach
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...

