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Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1
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Published on: March 13, 2018

Chikungunya epidemic: an Indian perspective.

S P Kalantri1, Rajnish Joshi, Lee W Riley

  • 1Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha 442102, Maharashtra, India. sp.kalantri@gmail.com

The National Medical Journal of India
|March 9, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Chikungunya virus outbreaks, particularly the East African genotype, have resurged in India and the Indian Ocean Islands. Effective mosquito control is crucial as no vaccines or antiviral drugs are currently available.

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Area of Science:

  • * Virology and Epidemiology
  • * Public Health and Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • * Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has re-emerged as a significant public health concern, notably in the Indian Ocean Islands and India.
  • * The 2005-2006 outbreaks were linked to the East African genotype, distinct from previous Asian genotype outbreaks in India.
  • * Factors like viral mutation, lack of herd immunity, inadequate vector control, and increased global travel may have fueled its resurgence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To summarize the emergence and characteristics of Chikungunya outbreaks.
  • * To highlight the etiological agent, transmission vectors, and contributing factors.
  • * To emphasize current treatment limitations and recommend control strategies.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of epidemiological data and scientific literature on Chikungunya outbreaks.
  • * Analysis of viral genotypes responsible for recent epidemics.
  • * Assessment of diagnostic accessibility and treatment options.

Main Results:

  • * An estimated 1.38 million symptomatic cases occurred in India in 2006, with potential underreporting.
  • * The East African CHIKV genotype was identified as the cause of recent major outbreaks.
  • * Diagnostic tests are often inaccessible during outbreaks, and treatment remains symptomatic.

Conclusions:

  • * Chikungunya poses a substantial public health challenge due to its rapid spread and lack of specific treatments.
  • * Effective vector control strategies are paramount for managing current epidemics and preventing future outbreaks.
  • * Further research into vaccines and antiviral therapies is warranted, but immediate focus must be on mosquito control.