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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
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Published on: November 2, 2013

Circulating biomarkers for prostate cancer.

Thomas Steuber1, Pauliina Helo, Hans Lilja

  • 1Department of Urology, University Clinic Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. steuber@uke.uni-hamburg.de

World Journal of Urology
|March 9, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) revolutionized prostate cancer care but has limitations. New blood biomarkers are needed to improve early detection and risk prediction for prostate cancer patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Urology

Background:

  • Prostate specific antigen (PSA) has significantly advanced prostate cancer management, enabling early detection and improved treatment outcomes.
  • Widespread PSA screening has shifted disease characteristics towards earlier, localized tumors, increasing cure rates with local therapies.
  • However, PSA screening faces challenges including overdetection, overtreatment, and insufficient sensitivity and specificity for accurate risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss current prostate specific antigen (PSA)-based strategies in prostate cancer management.
  • To review novel candidate biomarkers for prostate cancer detection and risk prediction.
  • To highlight biomarkers detectable in blood for improved prostate cancer diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on prostate specific antigen (PSA) applications in prostate cancer.
  • Evaluation of recent advances in high-throughput technologies for biomarker discovery.
  • Analysis of novel prostate cancer biomarkers detectable in blood samples.

Main Results:

  • Prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been instrumental in revolutionizing prostate cancer treatment over the past two decades.
  • Current PSA screening methods are associated with risks of overdetection and overtreatment.
  • Existing PSA tests lack the necessary sensitivity and specificity for precise risk stratification in prostate cancer patients.

Conclusions:

  • Novel biomarkers are essential to enhance the identification of men at risk for prostate cancer.
  • New biomarkers are crucial for predicting the clinical behavior of prostate tumors.
  • Emerging blood-based biomarkers hold promise for improving prostate cancer detection and management.