Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
Published on: May 23, 2020
Orthodontic treatment of patients using bisphosphonates: a report of 2 cases
Daniel J Rinchuse1, Donald J Rinchuse, Mark F Sosovicka
1Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa, USA. drinchuse@aol.com
Abstract:
The pharmacologic agent bisphosphonate has recently received much attention in the dental literature. Bisphosphonates in oral or intravenous forms are used to treat various diseases such as certain cancers, bone- and calcium-related disorders, osteoporosis, and osteopenia. Bisphosphonates inhibit bone turnover and result in increased bone-mineral density. The most serious dental side effect of bisphosphonate treatment (particularly when it is administered intravenously) is, paradoxically, osteonecrosis of the mandible or the maxilla represented by exposed nonhealing bone. Other related complications include decreased bone healing and inhibition of orthodontic tooth movement. This article reports the orthodontic treatment of 2 patients who were taking bisphosphonates.
Related Concept Videos
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
