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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
Published on: September 8, 2021
Neurobiology of dopamine in schizophrenia
Olivier Guillin1, Anissa Abi-Dargham, Marc Laruelle
1Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA.
Abstract:
This chapter is an update on the dopamine (DA) imbalance in schizophrenia, including the evidence for subcortical hyperstimulation of D2 receptors underlying positive symptoms and cortical hypodopaminergia-mediating cognitive disturbances and negative symptoms. After a brief review of the anatomical neurocircuitry of this transmitter system as a background, we summarize the evidence for dopaminergic alterations deriving from pharmacological, postmortem, and imaging studies. This evidence supports a prominent role for D2 antagonism in the treatment of positive symptoms of schizophrenia and strongly suggests the need for alternative approaches to address the more challenging problem of negative symptoms and cognitive disturbances.
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