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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Hypercholesterolemia is associated with visual field alterations detectable with computerized perimetry.

Antonio Alcalá1, Sergio Jansen, Michael E Farkouh

  • 1Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Spain. glia128@retemail.es

Atherosclerosis
|March 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

High cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) negatively impacts visual processing. Computerized perimetry revealed visual field deficits in patients with high LDL cholesterol, suggesting damage to visual neurons.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Hypercholesterolemia is linked to cognitive decline via cerebral cortex dysfunction.
  • The visual cortex's processing of visual stimuli can be assessed using computerized perimetry.
  • Potential effects of hypercholesterolemia on visual processing remain under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if hypercholesterolemia affects the visual cortex's processing of visual stimuli.
  • To determine if computerized perimetry can detect visual field alterations in hypercholesterolemia patients.
  • To correlate visual field parameters with plasma lipid levels.

Main Methods:

  • Computerized perimetry (Humphrey 745) was performed on 208 hypercholesterolemia patients (LDL > 3.36 mmol/L) and 208 matched controls (LDL < 3.36 mmol/L).
  • Key perimetry variables measured included mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, corrected pattern standard deviation, short-term fluctuations, and foveal threshold.
  • Exclusion criteria ensured no neuro-ophthalmological diseases influenced results.

Main Results:

  • Hypercholesterolemia patients exhibited significant worsening across all analyzed perimetry variables compared to controls.
  • A direct association was observed between elevated plasma LDL cholesterol and perimetry alterations.
  • An inverse association was found between visual field alterations and HDL cholesterol levels.

Conclusions:

  • Computerized perimetry effectively detects visual field alterations in individuals with hypercholesterolemia.
  • Elevated cholesterol concentrations may exert a detrimental effect on visual neuron cells.
  • Findings suggest a link between systemic cholesterol levels and visual processing integrity.