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Related Experiment Videos

Interference effects from grammatically unavailable constituents during sentence processing.

Julie A Van Dyke1

  • 1Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT 06511-6695, USA. jvandyke@haskins.yale.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|March 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Structural relationships in language processing can cause interference, disrupting comprehension even when not grammatically predicted. This research explores how syntactic and semantic cues impact sentence parsing and interpretation.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Sentence processing relies on grammatical structure.
  • Interference effects challenge purely grammatical models of parsing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate interference from structural relationships during sentence comprehension.
  • Examine the timing and nature of syntactic and semantic interference.
  • Propose a model reconciling grammatical violations with observed effects.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments measuring online and offline comprehension.
  • Analysis of processing disruption based on intervening item features.
  • Evaluation of interference effects on interpretation and reanalysis.

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Main Results:

  • Interference observed when intervening items share syntactic or semantic features with dependents.
  • Syntactic interference appears early in processing; semantic interference appears later.
  • Interference effects persist in offline measures, indicating resistance to reanalysis.

Conclusions:

  • A cue-based retrieval model explains interference effects by allowing temporary grammatical violations.
  • Parsing mechanisms interact with memory systems in language comprehension.
  • Precise specification of the parser-memory interface is crucial for understanding language processing.